Rangthagling Gewog was earlier called as Chaunetai, which means a stone Grinder and it has been translated directly to Dzongkha term. It can be viewed from the top of the valley, above upper Rangthagling and the shape of the valley (Chaunetai) is like that of a Grinding stone machine typically used by the Bhutanese or lhotsam people for grinding the Maize.

The total area of Rangthagling Gewog is 24.5 square kilometer. It comprises of 8 villages with  387  households  (including  the  separation  of  households) with Zhinem (old residents) and Zhesar (resettlements) and the total population is 2365 meters. The major crops or cash crops cultivated or grown in the Gewog are maize, rice, millet and  orange. For the last three years the major cash crop grown is Ginger for the Rangthagling and onions for Sunkosh chiwogs. From this year the Cardamoms are also planted in some villages under Rangthagling, Dharchargang and Neymedsa and some residents have also started planting Mangoes in Sunkosh and Nimazor villages.

The Gewog office is located 4kms towards the southwest of the Dzongkhag and it is connected with blacktopping. It experiences sub-tropical climatically and is covered with cool broad leaf trees with forest coverage of 80%. People in the Gewog avail health services from Damphu hospital though extension services are provided by the two ORCs in the Gewog.

The Gewog have newly constructed Agriculture and Livestock extension office whereby the people of Rangthaling Gewog can now easily avail the services within the Gewog.